Defining and benchmarking open problems in single-cell analysis

benchmarking
scrna-seq
website
Authors

Malte D. Luecken

Scott Gigante

Daniel B. Burkhardt

Robrecht Cannoodt

Daniel C. Strobl

Nikolay S. Markov

Luke Zappia

Giovanni Palla

Wesley Lewis

Daniel Dimitrov

Michael E. Vinyard

D.S. Magruder

Michaela F. Mueller

Alma Andersson

Emma Dann

Qian Qin

Dominik J. Otto

Michal Klein

Olga Borisovna Botvinnik

Louise Deconinck

Kai Waldrant

Sai Nirmayi Yasa

Artur Szałata

Andrew Benz

Zhijian Li

Open Problems Jamboree Members

Jonathan M. Bloom

Angela Oliveira Pisco

Julio Saez-Rodriguez

Drausin Wulsin

Luca Pinello

Yvan Saeys

Fabian J Theis

Smita Krishnaswamy

Date

July 1, 2025

Links
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Abstract

Single-cell genomics has enabled the study of biological processes at an unprecedented scale and resolution. These studies were enabled by innovative data generation technologies coupled with emerging computational tools specialized for single-cell data. As single-cell technologies have become more prevalent, so has the development of new analysis tools, which has resulted in over 1,700 published algorithms (as of February 2024). Thus, there is an increasing need to continually evaluate which algorithm performs best in which context to inform best practices that evolve with the field.

In many fields of quantitative science, public competitions and benchmarks address this need by evaluating state-of-the-art methods against known criteria, following the concept of a common task framework. Here, we present Open Problems, a living, extensive, community-guided platform including 12 current single-cell tasks that we envisage raising standards for the selection, evaluation and development of methods in single-cell analysis.

Citation

BibTeX citation:
@article{luecken2025,
  author = {Luecken, Malte D. and Gigante, Scott and Burkhardt, Daniel
    B. and Cannoodt, Robrecht and Strobl, Daniel C. and Markov, Nikolay
    S. and Zappia, Luke and Palla, Giovanni and Lewis, Wesley and
    Dimitrov, Daniel and Vinyard, Michael E. and Magruder, D.S. and
    Mueller, Michaela F. and Andersson, Alma and Dann, Emma and Qin,
    Qian and Otto, Dominik J. and Klein, Michal and Botvinnik, Olga
    Borisovna and Deconinck, Louise and Waldrant, Kai and Yasa, Sai
    Nirmayi and Szałata, Artur and Benz, Andrew and Li, Zhijian and
    {Open Problems Jamboree Members} and Bloom, Jonathan M. and Oliveira
    Pisco, Angela and Saez-Rodriguez, Julio and Wulsin, Drausin and
    Pinello, Luca and Saeys, Yvan and Theis, Fabian J and Krishnaswamy,
    Smita},
  title = {Defining and Benchmarking Open Problems in Single-Cell
    Analysis},
  journal = {Nature biotechnology},
  volume = {43},
  number = {7},
  pages = {1035-1040},
  date = {2025-07-01},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-025-02694-w},
  doi = {10.1038/s41587-025-02694-w},
  issn = {1087-0156},
  langid = {en},
  abstract = {Single-cell genomics has enabled the study of biological
    processes at an unprecedented scale and resolution. These studies
    were enabled by innovative data generation technologies coupled with
    emerging computational tools specialized for single-cell data. As
    single-cell technologies have become more prevalent, so has the
    development of new analysis tools, which has resulted in over 1,700
    published algorithms (as of February 2024). Thus, there is an
    increasing need to continually evaluate which algorithm performs
    best in which context to inform best practices that evolve with the
    field. In many fields of quantitative science, public competitions
    and benchmarks address this need by evaluating state-of-the-art
    methods against known criteria, following the concept of a common
    task framework. Here, we present Open Problems, a living, extensive,
    community-guided platform including 12 current single-cell tasks
    that we envisage raising standards for the selection, evaluation and
    development of methods in single-cell analysis.}
}
For attribution, please cite this work as:
Luecken, M. D., Gigante, S., Burkhardt, D. B., Cannoodt, R., Strobl, D. C., Markov, N. S., Zappia, L., Palla, G., Lewis, W., Dimitrov, D., Vinyard, M. E., Magruder, D. S., Mueller, M. F., Andersson, A., Dann, E., Qin, Q., Otto, D. J., Klein, M., Botvinnik, O. B., Deconinck, L., Waldrant, K., Yasa, S. N., Szałata, A., Benz, A., Li, Z., Open Problems Jamboree Members, Bloom, J. M., Oliveira Pisco, A., Saez-Rodriguez, J., Wulsin, D., Pinello, L., Saeys, Y., Theis, F. J. & Krishnaswamy, S. Defining and benchmarking open problems in single-cell analysis. Nature biotechnology 43, 1035–1040 (2025).